Vector-Borne Diseases in a Warming World: New Risks and Adaptive Strategies

Abstract

The research conducted to evaluate Vector-Borne Diseases in a Warming World globally, with a systematic literature review to analyze new Risks and Adaptive Strategies. The research aims to explicate how climate change intensifies vector-borne disease (VBD) risks and identify adaptive health policy and strategy. The research explored the interplay of climatic, social, and ecological factors driving VBD proliferation and proposed actionable interventions designed for adaptive strategies. The research methodology adapted as secondary qualitative systematic literature review integrating papers from Asia economies, Europe, the UK, and the US and documents from qualitative and quantitative data from peer-reviewed studies (2019–2024). The data collection process entailed searching academic databases for relevant articles, 10 core articles were selected, and studies were based on their focus on climate change and VBDs, and extracting data on study design, variables, and evaluation of Risk and adaptive strategies for VBD. The research analysis was performed through a thematic approach, coding data to identify five emergent themes. The core themes gained from research are the climatic drivers amplifying outbreaks, geographic expansion of VBDs, urbanization increasing risks, social determinants worsening burdens, and vector adaptations to climate. The research results reveals that rising temperatures and extreme weather intensify diseases like dengue and malaria, vectors expand to new regions, urban settings create breeding hotspots, social inequities exacerbate vulnerability, and vectors adapt behaviorally; hence, transmission of those diseases is increased.   The study offers a framework for climate-sensitive surveillance, equitable health policies, urban planning, and innovative vector control. The study is significant for the healthcare sector, policymakers, and health practitioners in mitigating VBD risks, emphasizing interdisciplinary strategies to protect vulnerable populations globally in a warming world.